Ohm meter check from the alternator case to the voltage regulator. It should be very close to zero!
Pull the plug on the regulator and check the terminal on the plug, the blush should have battery voltage with key on. Ohms check the green one from the connector to the push on field connector, it should be at or very close to zero.
If these check OK and you know the alternator is good, I would then think the regulator is bad. You did say you had battery voltage at the charge lug on the alternator, (the factory 12 gauge as you said) correct?