NHTSA does not "certify" or "approve" products. Compliance with NHTSA regulations is based on self-certification by the manufacturer. This means that the manufacturer of regulated equipment must exercise due care in performing whatever tests, studies or calculations are required to satisfy itself that the certified items comply with the regulations. The manufacturer's self-certification is then passed along through the distribution chain. Certification is automatically implied when a product is offered for sale, since the law prohibits a manufacturer, distributor, importer, dealer or motor vehicle repair business from knowingly selling equipment that is not in compliance with the FMVSS. Certification is also affirmed through marking requirements such as NHTSA's rule that certain lighting equipment be marked "DOT."