Why are 318's low HP and torque?

Tbone416 said

The 1970 factorie hp rateing for the 318 2 barrel dodge was 235 hp and the 1972 340 4 barrel was 245. The 318 had compression the 340 had carb,cam, and a pretty good heads on it. So a 1970 318 with carb,cam,and air sould make closet to the same as hp the 340's

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T-Bone,

In theory that does make sense.

But, the 1970......318/230 HP,

* 9.3-1 Compression-Ratio
* Small Valve Cylinder Heads {1.78" Intake ~ 1.50" Exhaust}
* Open Combustion Chamber / Small Ports
* Hydraulic Camshaft {.373" Intake / .400" Exhaust}
* Weak Valve Springs
* Small-Port Intake Manifold
* Carter 2-Barrel {285 CFM} Carburetor
* Single-Pipe Exhaust System

First off, the 318/230 HP was 'over-rated' by a good +30 HP, so much so that
the NHRA re-factored them all the way down to 195 HP, and then 185 HP.