440 Harmonic Balancer Timing Marks Off

For the extent you are going there is sound advice above in dialing in your cam. A piston stop, degree wheel, and indicator is a worthwhile investment.
Visually comparing your balancer with a 440 source image, I'd say the balancer outer ring has not spun.
IMO, I think I'd pull the valve covers, back out the rocker train, and open the timing cover find the issue.