Like a bomb went off under the hood...

If you hit over 30 mph on that last trip, with a 160 stat, and watched the gauge creep higher than normal;then I'd guess you might have a heat shedding issue, but it may just have been reaching it's normalized temp. Shoot it with an IR gun to know what's happening.
But
So long as the system was sealed, the water temp may have been close to water's atmospheric boiling point. So,the instant the hose popped off, it all flashed into steam instantaneously, and it all had to go thru that top hose........ like a cannon shot. Flashing to steam under this circumstance would be normal.

Maybe you don't have an overheat problem at all; there is no way that hose should have popped off, unless the screw-clamp failed. The factory spring-clamps were the best. I prefer the flat-band spring types myself. They seem to be a little kinder to the hose than the round-wire hog-ring type.
I run a minimum water temp of 205*F by IR gun, and a 7-pound cap. I trust the thermostatic fan-clutch to force the rad to shed heat, and keep the water temp under control. My theory is that the 7-pounder will start spewing sooner, giving me an earlier warning than the pokey factory gauge that I never look at anyway, except after a red-line run. Since 1999, my engine has never made steam.And the hoses last forever.....it seems.

I wouldn't recommend a lower-pressure cap, it reduces boilover protection and max cooling capacity quite a bit; I had to run a 10-lb cap on my original radiator so it wouldn't leak and after switching from a 16-lb one I noticed it took less hard driving or crawling in traffic to get the temp to start climbing than before.

I'd pull the rad and flush it as well as the whole system, get a new high-quality t-stat (at least a Stant SuperStat or similar) and TEST IT before installing. Also a new high-quality rad cap. Then when it's all filled and buttoned up start the car and let it warm up in your driveway or take it around the block a few times not far from where you live in case something happens.