Charging issues on a ‘64 Valiant...

Is that yours or a photo off the internet? Those terminals are both insulated.

What I understood from
My alternator seems to be converted to 1 field by removing the (insulated washer?) and clipping the spade connector.
Is that you are seeing something like this.
upload_2020-1-23_17-10-13-png.png

This is an alternator with a grounded field terminal. The ground brush holder is cast in.
The insulated brush has a plastic holder.
upload_2020-1-23_17-12-40-png.png

upload_2020-1-23_17-13-21-png.png

Inside view showing brush holder cast into housing or 'shield'.
upload_2018-12-28_19-21-31-png.png