When I was first getting my EFI set-up running, the car would go into limp mode when it transitioned from open loop to closed loop after the first minute of running.
It turned out that I had an open ground circuit on my O2 sensor. A quick bit of solder, wrap of tape and some heat shrink solved the issue. The Matco Scan tool I had borrowed from a buddy allowed me to find the issue. Without a good scanner, it would have been nearly impossible for me to diagnose. You can see where I had to ground the wire in this picture.