Gas pedal throw issue

you have two or three separate and distinct problems, maybe four;
1) incorrect pull ratio
2) stiff operation,
3) possible limited travel of the cable caused by that overly long cable-protector;
4) possible limited travel of the pedal.
Fix them from the top down.

Yes: Start with hooking the cable to the carb at the correct spot. Once you have that right, go from there.