Ideas on what's causing my click/tick/rattle noise?

Agreed, something happened but danged if I can figure it out. Maybe it was just a spell of bad luck. My plan is to put this back together as carefully as possible and see what happens. I did check all the oil passages when I gave the block a bath, and all are good. I have slobbered plenty of assembly lube as I go. I plan to leave the plugs out of it when I start the break-in, and spin the engine to get the oil pump working and the galleys filled. I will fill the pump with vaseline to prime it.

I'm putting in new rings to make sure there's no issue with the oil/rich mixture/carbon business and I may swap out the umbrella valve seals for a set of the positive ones. I shall report on things moving forward.
Along with everything you mentioned, I would put a mechanical oil pressure gauge on that motor.
That engine has every indication of too much oil up top and too little to the rods. It will show as low oil pressure with the engine rpm’s up.