As you can see by all the various qualified but confusing comments, this whole issue is a sh$%t show. By EPA guidelines, if we wanted to create a CARB approved converter to sell in California or NY, we'd have to design it to fit in the same way the original did. That means no welding allowed. We'd also have to do testing that proves it emits the same or less emissions as the original one's OEM specs approved by CARB in the first place. Yet I see 'weld in' CARB approved cats being sold. So in theory, yes, the cat could be exactly the same as a 49 state approved cat and clearly not be legally sold in CA and now in NY as well. At the time, we were not asked to provide longevity guarantees for such products.