Just picked up a Duster 340, need help analyzing the parts in it.

that cam is a very popular street cam for small blocks.
Yeah, I run that in my 318. Good power.
The specs you have listed are a good though basic rebuild that most of us do. Engine bored .030 over stock bore.
Lots of 340's,mine was a 1970 factory 10/10 steel crank meaning the crank is .010 undersize from standard.
You may find a maltese cross on the block stating it has a factory undersize crank.
Looks like all good parts in the engine.
Same goes for transmission.Quality rebuild form the looks of it.
Enjoy !