Front Hub Diameter for 65 Barracuda - Are there differences between 6 and 8 cylinder?

Not positive on the 65 year, but the 66 and up had either 9 inch or 10 in brakes available. Both are small bolt pattern, but the spindles, hubs, bearings and drums are different. As far as I recall the center hub is the same size, but I could be wrong. It might be slightly different. The 10 brakes got 14 inch wheels, and the 9 inch brakes got 13 inch wheels. I never checked the center hub size between them. I think I have parts of both sizes on hand. If I get a chance this weekend, I'll see what I come up with.
65's had both 9 and 10 inch drums with 13 inch wheels. Small brakes for sixes, bigger brakes for the V8s.

My 65 Commando 273 4-speed non-S car with ralley suspension and a front sway bar originally had 13 inch wheels and 10 inch drum brakes all around. (Formula S cars of course had 14 inch wheels.)

My mother's 64 Barracuda had 9 inch brakes despite being a V8 car.

I never checked to see if her 13 inch wheels would fit on 10 inch brakes. But factory 14x5.5 steel wheels and also SBP ralley wheels would fit on either 9 or 10 inch brakes. I.e., the hub size was the same for 9 and 10 inch drums and SBP disc brakes.

My guess is that the wheel the OP tried to mount doesn't clear the hub because it is not a Mopar wheel.