Overdriven pulley how much is too much?

That was a known weak point, flaw, and known piss-poor design. Engineers couldn't make managers spend the money to fix it, and instead insistend on using up inventory on hand and then also didn't listen when told there was no way in hell it would be safe after the cold soak the parts got.

Theory always wins. It explains why things behave the way they do. When they disagree, there's always other variables not being considered.

I disagree, a theory is just that, a supposition to be proven or disproven.
I learned many theories, and learned they are merely guidelines to start a search, to be used in the environment I have to work in, to be modified as the need arises.
The end result of a theory can be vastly different than the origin.