Building a shop, - ground anchors .

I do believe the after pour installation is strongest.
It depends on how you do it. My buddy down the road that runs a restoration shop tied them to a 15' 8" steel I beam 24" under an 8" slab. So that's 2' 8" of concrete on top of the I beams. Two in the front and two in the back of the shop. They ain't goin anywhere.