72 dart electrical.

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Alternator output (12 gage black) and if one is green anbd the other blue those are the field connectors.
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The alternator output has a protective cover so it does not get accidently grounded.
It's connected to the battery positive. As long as the battery is connected, these wires are always hot!
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R6 is AlteRnator output.
J1 is feed to the ignition switch. (J is a substitute for I because it won't be confused for the number 1)
The other wires are the feed to the fuse box hot buss, and the feed t othe headlight switch B1 terminal.
The only protection against grounding the battery is a fusible link.

The field wires work like this. The blue feeds power to the rotor, and the green connects to the voltage regulator which controls the current flow needed to make the electro-magnetic field.
1972 Basic power scheme (with points ignition)
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Typically.
A is Battery outputs (and recharge).
R is Alternator circuits. R6 is alternator output.
J1 is power to ignition switch
J2 is ignition run (includes power to voltage regulator)
J3 is ignition feed only when key is in start.
Q is Accessory feeds
Q2 is switched accessory feed - (pretty much everything which requires key on other than ignition)
L is typically exterior Lighting
H is usually Horn.

So know you know what they do as well as where they go.