Belt guidance

For sure the alternator belt takes a trip around the top of the waterpump, then down and around the LA damper, them back up to the alternator.

If you ordered belts for a 67, the book assumes you have 67 pulleys.
There was no 360 that year, so you should have received belts for a 273, and that engine would have had a cast-iron waterpump with timing tab on the passenger side.
The 273 damper would have been about 7 inches, with a two-row pulley, and the W/P probably a lil smaller than the damper pulley.
The single pulley on the 273 alternator would have also been very small; Ima guessing around 2.5" max od, maybe a wee bit bigger .

Without a pic, it's hard to say what's wrong but I can tell you that there are at least a dozen alternator-belt permutations and at least four P/S permutations. So.............. pics would really help.