I think the the only way to learn is observation.
Keeping it real neat and orderly helps too. I didn't do that this year.
There's lettuce, raddishes, peas, carrots from last fall, some greens going to seed, and hakuri turnips that are also going to seed for reasons I don't know.
nasturtium is growing too - that will cover the old compost pile.
Looking as it does somewhat somewhat annoys the neighbor whose yard it is - which is somewhat ironic considering what it looked like when I asked about using it. I put in alot of wildflowers into the surrounding beds to crowd out the weeds. My theory is let nature do 90% of the work.
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