Trying to figure out what this is it came out of my 64 barracuda 318 4 speed

To check if it has 3.09 gears, put some tape on the input shaft and output flange and make a mark at 12:00 on each. Put it in first gear and rotate the input one revolution. The output should roll over a little over three times.

The other first gear ratios for an 833 are roughly 2.4x and 2.6x so it should be a no brainer for what you have.

That's Alot of OverDrive!
Sorry but just the opposite of above ^^^.

To check if it has 3.09:1 first gear, mark the input shaft and the output shaft. Now spin the OUTPUT shaft 1 revolution exactly. The INPUT shaft will have spun 3.09 (or less depending on which first gear is in it).

Or spin the input shaft 3.09 rev's and the output will have done just 1 rev.