Well, I think I've got a few answers, but it also brings up a few other questions...
First, I think that's a poly 318 block wearing 273 heads. I'm not familiar with poly casting numbers, but I do know that the "A" engine (318 polysphere) used an extra bolt on the left side of the timing cover that is not present on any of the LA engines (273, 318, 340 or 360), all other bolts remained the same.
LA:
It looks to me like the timing cover rotted out and was replaced with a more readily available LA timing cover; and instead of just plugging the extra bolt hole with an allen screw, they notched the LA cover and ran a machine screw into the hole. Just a guess.
Another way to confirm this, but would require removal of the heads- or maybe just the intake, would be to check the pushrod reliefs in the block. A poly block has reliefs MUCH deeper than LA blocks.
Poly:
LA:
If the heads are off, you can easily measure the bore to confirm, too.
But this all begs the question, Why? Poly blocks are much more rigid, but heavier. And you'd have to swap out the poly pistons for LA 318 pistons, 'cause the poly slugs won't work with LA heads.
But it sure looks like an A engine block to me.
Methinks you need to find a Poly guy to decode those numbers.