OK..i didn't realize they were by-passing the bulkhead altogether. Still you have no idea what your current is?
Not all bypass the bulkhead. Some do, some don't
Sounds like the OP has redesigned the system to one that will work better with EFI. That's probably good. EFI needs a different approach because of how much it draws, and that it needs to draw from battery (at start) and then alternator when running.
But to answer your question about loads on a standard factory system.
For a truck that has a plow or winch on it - these devices, and particulaly the recharging of the battery can overload the battery line. On a standard alternator wiring harness, the bulkhead and the ammeter, along with the fusible link, will get hot - sometimes too hot - when subject to continuous loads over 30 or 40 amps.
lets take a plow - that gets run while the engine is running. They draw a lot so I've only seen the wired to the battery positive - some of the other guys maybe have seen some other arraignments.
When the engine is running and the plow needs power, power is going to flow from the alternator at 14 Volts IF it can supply it.
If its 20 amps, the ammeter will swing 1/2 way over. 30 3/4 of the way.
if we're also running lights, that too is coming from the alternator, IF it can supply it, but that doesn't show on the ammeter.
What will show on the ammeter is if the alternator can't keep supply the power. At least it can't supply it at 13 or 14 Volts.
Then the battery becomes the source of power. Maybe on 12 Votls but it can supply hundreds of amps - at least until it gets sucked down,
Now when the job is all done, go hit the highway.
If the alternatoer wasn't spinning fast before to be near the top of it capability before, it sure will be now.
And this is one way that the weaker/thinner/lighter parts of the system get hot.
It doesn't need to be a plow or winch. We see people too frequently charge a very low battery using the alternator. If the ammeter is pegging, that's a big clue to shut down and figure out what's wrong.
Here's what 20 minutes of charging at over 20 amps did to the standard ring terminals of one A-body ammeter.
There were some heavy duty options but even so, really dont want to be pegging that meter.