Before you ask.. yes, I've spent a great deal of time in the past, studying this
Electric grid is 1950s technology. There are 3 interconnects... Eastern, Western and Texas... any generation is "available" within the interconnect. Any power not consumed gets dumped into ground. There's no storage, therefore, auxiliary power generation comes online as required (or offline) ... Spinning spares and cold start facilities are few... almost all step-up or step-down bulk transport transformers are customized to the generation plant... We (the US) do not make transformers domestically any longer.
Edit to add,
Governance and management of the electrical grid is also convoluted.
North American Electrical Reliability Council (Non-profit industry group)
NERC
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Federal)
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